1881 Railways and Canals

Erie Canal, 1881.
Erie Canal, 1881.
Railway near Ramapo Station, New York, 1881
Railway near Ramapo Station, New York, 1881.

The Erie Canal
“Here we stop to view an old familiar sight, two boats passing a canal lock.

“Our illustration presents a scene at once charming and romantic. Tourists frequently indulge in short trips on the ‘raging canal.’

“A few days passed aboard one of these boats will afford lots of fun and make many a new acquaintance.

“The route traversed by this canal is located along the richest and most beautiful portions of the empire State, and the traveler never is sea sick, is seldom out of sight of land, and in case of great storms, he can jump ashore and put up at any landing for the night.”
Summer Excursion, 1881, p. 57.

The Ramapo Valley
“There are few more romantic localities than that part of the Valley of the Ramapo which is traversed by the Erie Railway. Elevn lakes, perched high on the mountains…send their tumbling outlets into the valley and form the stream known as the Ramapo River. There are forty of these lakes within few miles of the spot where the Erie Railway enters the valley…

“The railroad presents the ever varying scenery of the valley to the tourist for a distance of 16 miles. The river courses meadows and ravines, tumbles over rocky bottom, and spreads out here and there into beautiful lakes.

“Fixed ledges of lofty rock, and huge piles of enormous boulders tower above and lie along its borders. No region is more interesting historically.”

General Washington stood upon the summit of Torne, “a bold mountain beak, near Ramapo Station… while the American troops were quartered in the valley during the Revolution, and surveyed the movements of the British fleet in the New York Harbor.”—Summer Excursion, 1881, p.88.

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Erie Train, Callicoon, 1874

Erie Train at Callicoon, 1874.
Erie Train at Callicoon, 1874.

“After leaving Lackawaxen you continue to follow the course of the Delaware in its tortuous and picturesque windings among the mountains, and are ever greeted with new and charming scenes, at some places intensely interesting.

“At Callicoon, where the train next stops, a scene of remarkable beauty occurs, which is only equalled by that of the famous Starucca Viaduct, which you witness after leaving Hancock and Deposit, and when near Susquehanna, at which last-named station the train stops for dinner. Continue reading

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Bridge at Narrowsburg, 1874

Bridge over the Delaware River at Narrowsburg.
Bridge over the Delaware River at Narrowsburg.

“Here the artist has sketched an old-fashioned country scene in one of the wildest portions of the Delaware Valley traversed by the Erie Railway.

“The old covered bridge is of a style frequently seen in that region, which, by the way, is the scene of many of the most stirring incidents in Fenimore Cooper’s famous novel, The Last of the Mohicans.”
—The Erie Railway Tourist
, 1874, p. 6.

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1874 Aqueduct at Lackawaxen

Aqueduct of the D & H Canal at Lackawaxen, 1874.
Aqueduct of the D & H Canal at Lackawaxen, 1874.

It is at Lackawaxen that the Delaware and Hudson Canal, connecting the coal regions of Pennsylvania with the Hudson at Kingston, crosses the Delaware River, spanning it by an aqueduct, as represented in the accompanying engraving.—The Erie Railway Tourist, 1874, p. 7.

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A Water Tank on the Erie

Water Tank for the iron horse, 1874.
Water Tank for the iron horse, 1874.

The rapidity and voracity with which the iron horse quenches his thirst from one of these enormous goblets which, brimming full, await him at various intervals on his wild careering across the country, are all but incredible to those who have not seen him partaking.

Parched and thirsty, he pauses for a moment or two to refresh himself with the cooling torrent which pours itself into his enormous jaws at a fearful rate, when lo! before apparently all the passengers have alighted or embarked, his thirst is slaked and he is off again.—The Erie Railway Tourist, 1874, p. 9.

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1874 Erie Railway Tourist

1874 Erie Railway Tourist Cover.
1874 Erie Railway Tourist Cover.
Seats in Viewing Coach.
Seats in Viewing Coach.
Sleeping and drawing room coach.
Sleeping and drawing room coach.
“Don’t fail to enjoy, if you can, a ride through by daylight over the Erie Railway.”—The Erie Railway Tourist, 1874.

The next post series features images and ads from the Erie Railway brochures, 1874 to 1889.

“The train speeds over the landscape, along mountain sides, through valleys, over bridges, and across broad meadow lands with the speed of a winged charger, pausing only at long intervals, and then pushing on again farther than before, seemingly grudging its few lost moments of unavoidable delay.

“The traveler meanwhile ensconced in his cosy drawing-room or easy-chair, protected from dust and cinders, looks out upon the rapidly-changing landscape with undisguised delight as in a varied picture of town, city, hamlet, forest, and farm-land it passes before him.

“Here, from amid all the luxurious surroundings of a first class hotel, he looks out alike upon nature’s wildest haunts and the cultivated homes of man, and wonders the while at the changes and improvements that man’s genius and energy have wrought. Hour after hour brings him many miles nearer his goal, and lo ere daylight has departed the wonderful journey has been accomplished.

“It has been to him one continued, unwearying scene of entertainment and enjoyment…”—The 1874 Erie Railway Tourist, pp. 20–1.

“There is no Railway Company in the country which provides better accommodations for its patrons, or which keeps its passenger equipment in better condition, than the Erie Railway.

“The Drawing-room and Sleeping Coaches which are attached to Express trains, both west and east, are, as is shown in the illustrations given, perfect paragons of beauty and models of comfort and luxury.

“Indeed, the entire passenger equipment of the Erie Railway is unsurpassed, and contributes in no small degree to the wonderful growth and increase of its passenger traffic.”—The 1874 Erie Railway Tourist, p. 21.

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Dr. de Venoge and Round Pond

Round Pond, now Lake DeVenoge. Photo: CLB.
Round Pond, now Lake DeVenoge. Photo: CLB.

Hagan Pond (Highland Lake) and Round Pond (Lake DeVenoge). Halfway Brook Village (Eldred) to the west. Map: Gary Smith.
Hagan Pond (Highland Lake) and Round Pond (Lake DeVenoge). Halfway Brook Village (Eldred) to the west. Map: Gary Smith.

Lake DeVenoge Golf Course, 1956.
Lake DeVenoge Golf Course, 1956.

DeVenoge Marker. Old Eldred Cemetery. Photo: CLB.
De Venoge Marker. Old Eldred Cemetery. Photo: CLB.

Round Pond
Southeast of Hagan Pond (today’s Highland Lake) was Round Pond (now Lake DeVenoge), a lake fed entirely by underground springs, and 60 to 80 feet deep at the center.

The de Venoge family from Epernay, France was listed in the 1855 census. They had plans for a vineyard in the area, but the climate did not cooperate.

Dr. Leon de Venoge encouraged people that the area would be helpful for those with tuberculosis, and ended up owning quite a bit of property.

Dr. de Venoge provide some type of medication for Emma Austin who had consumption/tuberculosis and eventually moved to Kansas to be with her brothers in hopes that the drier climate would help.

Sometime after 1916, a golf course was created on what had been Dr. de Venoge’s land. The golf course played a part in World War II.—The Mill on Halfway Brook, Chapter 7, p. 83.

Dr. Leon, his wife Catherine, and daughter Mary lived on over 1,000 acres. They had three servants and a boarder, in 1880. The de Venoge Mountain Lake Boarding House was advertised as early as 1885.

The DeVenoge’s Boarding House
• Boarding Houses 1885–1889
L. de Venoge, M.D., Eldred, N.Y. 7 miles from Shohola; transportation $1.60 double rooms; adults $8 to $12; servants $8; discount for season. Good fishing; boats free. Continue reading

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John A. Roebling, 1806–1869

The Railroad suspension bridge near Niagara Falls. John A. Roebling, engineer. Currier & Ives, 1856. LOC: 2001703754.
The Railroad suspension bridge near Niagara Falls. John A. Roebling, engineer. Currier & Ives, 1856. LOC: 2001703754.
Suspension Bridge Grand March. Strobridge & Co. Lith. Cin. John A. Roebling Bridge Ohio-Kentucky, ca. 1867. LOC: 2001701355.
Suspension Bridge Grand March. Strobridge & Co. Lith. Cin. John A. Roebling Bridge Ohio-Kentucky, ca. 1867. LOC: 2001701355.
John A. Roebling Bridge, Covington, Kentucky to Cincinnati, Ohio, 1868. Jos. A. Williams, engraver. LOC: 2003681626.
John A. Roebling Bridge, Covington, Kentucky to Cincinnati, Ohio, 1868. Jos. A. Williams, engraver. LOC: 2003681626.
The John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge over the Ohio River, connecting Covington, Kentucky and Cincinnati, Ohio.  Carol M. Highsmith, photographer. LOC: 2020722203.
The John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge over the Ohio River, connecting Covington, Kentucky and Cincinnati, Ohio. Carol M. Highsmith, photographer. LOC: 2020722203.

Roebling Ad 1879.
Roebling Ad 1879.
John A. Roebling studied architecture, engineering, bridge and foundation construction, and hydraulics, before emigrating from Prussia in 1831.

His government job of four years involved designing military roads and supervising their construction. He had also sketched suspension bridges that were never built.

In 1837 Mr. Roebling worked on projects to improve river navigation, in Pennsylvania. Realizing that hemp ropes were expensive and needed to be replaced often, John developed a seven-strand wire rope, which he began producing in 1841.

In 1848 when John Roebling began construction of four suspension aqueducts on the Delaware River for the D&H Canal, he moved to Trenton, New Jersey, and built John A. Roebling’s Sons Company, a large industrial complex for wire production.

In 1851 John Roebling designed a bridge that stretched over the Niagara River with two levels.

The railroad level connected the New York Central with Canada’s Great Western Railway. The other level was for vehicles.

The bridge, which spanned 825 feet and was supported by four, ten-inch wire cables, took four years to build.

In 1856 Roebling started a bridge over the Ohio River at Cincinnati. Due to lack of finances it was another seven years before work continued on the suspension bridge which spanned 1,057 feet from Cincinnati, Ohio to Covington, Kentucky. The bridge opened on December 1, 1866.

For more about his many projects, see John A. Roebling in Wikipedia.

Related information
Roebling Museum
East River Suspension Bridge
Caisson Sickness
Maine’s Androscoggin Swinging Bridge

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